E2ACM: Energy Efficient Adaptive Cluster based Multilevel Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

It is a great challenge for designing a routing protocol that can maximize the network lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), due to the limited energy of Sensor Node (SN). As a well-known hierarchical routing protocol in WSN, LEACH protocol could extend the WSN lifetime effectively. It assumes that all nodes can communicate with Base Station (BS) directly. With the expansion of WSN scale, the average distances between cluster head (CH) node and BS increase significantly, results in communication energy cost. For the large-scale WSN, this paper proposes a multimetric-based Energy Efficient Adaptive Cluster Based Multilevel (EACM) Routing Protocol. It regards the distance between CHs, nodes registered and residual energy of CH to construct a multihop path between CH and BS. Simulation results shows that proposed work significantly reduce the overall energy consumption of WSNs.